import os
    
    # Create a directory
    os.mkdir("/full/path/to/directory")
    
    # Rename a file or directory
    os.rename("/full/path/to/file", "/full/path/with/new/name")
    
    # Delete a file or directory
    os.remove("/full/path/to/file")

    import os.path
    
    # Combine paths
    path = os.path.join("path", "directory", "filename")
    # Automatically uses "/" for linux/osx and "\" for windows
    
    # Get filename from path
    filename = os.path.basename("/full/path/to/file")
    
    # Move up directories
    path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath("/full/path"))
    # Add more os.path.dirname() to continue moving up
    
    # Check if a path exists
    if os.path.exists("/full/path"):
        # The path does exist
        
    # Check if a path is a directory
    if os.path.isdir("/full/path"):
        # The path is a directory

    import os.path
    import glob
    
    paths = glob.glob(os.path.join("/full/path", "*"))

    import shutil
    
    shutil.copy("/full/path/to/file", "/full/path/with/new/dir/or/name")

    import shutil
    
    shutil.copytree("/full/path/to/dir", "/full/path/to/new/dir")
    # Use ignore=ignore_patterns("folder_name") to skip a dir
    
    shutil.rmtree("/full/path/to/dir")

    f = open("/full/path/to/file.py", "w")
    f.write("print 'hello'\n")
    f.write("print 'world'")
    f.close()

    execfile("/full/path/to/file.py")

    import getpass
    
    user = getpass.getuser()

    import os
    
    if os.name == "posix":
        # os is linux or osx
    elif os.name == "nt":
        # os is windows

    import webbrowser
    
    webbrowser.open("https://www.sarahvalstyne.com")

    def function_name(argument):
        # Do things here
        
        return
        
    result = function_name(None)

    dictionary = {"key": "value"}
    
    for key in dictionary.keys():
        value = dictionary[key]
        
    for key, value in dictionary.items():
        pass

    a_list = ["a", "b", "c", 1, 2, 3]
    
    # Add a value to the end of a a_list
    a_list.append(value)
    
    # Add a value at a specific point in a a_list
    a_list.insert(index, value)
    
    # Remove the first item that matches the given value
    a_list.remove(value)
    
    # Remove the value at the given index
    a_list.pop(index)
    a_list.pop()  # Removes the last value
    
    # Sort a a_list
    a_list.sort(reverse=False)
    
    # Count the number of items in a a_list
    count = len(a_list)
    
    # Get the min/max number
    min_value = min(a_list)
    max_value = max(a_list)
    
    # Remove duplicate values
    b_list = set(a_list)

    # Split
    parts = "string_001".split("_")
    name = parts[0]
    num = parts[1]
    
    # Split characters (works with lists as well)
    string = "string"
    string[:1]  # Result: s
    string[1:]  # Result: tring
    string[:-1]  # Result: strin
    string[-1:]  # Result: g
    
    # String replacements
    color = "yellow"
    num = 7
    location = 4.287921
    string = "%02d %s values at %.2f" % (num, color, location)
    # Result: 07 yellow values at 4.28
    
    # String formatting
    string = "{color}.v{version}.exr".format(color="yellow", version=2)
    
    # Replace built-in
    string = "string_v001".replace("1", "2")
    # Result: string_v002

    string = r"string"

    string_ = str(x)
    float_ = float(x)
    integer_ = int(x)
    list_ = list(x)  or  [x]
    tuple_ = tuple(x)  or  [x]
    set_ = set(x)
    
    tup = (("a", 1) ,("b", 2), ("c", 3)) 
    dictionary = dict(tup)

    import string

    lowercase = list(string.ascii_lowercase)
    # abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
    
    uppercase = list(string.ascii_uppercase)
    # ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
    
    digits = list(string.ascii_digits)
    # 0123456789
    
    punctuation = list(string.ascii_punctuation) 
    # !"#$%&'()*+,-./:;<=>?@[\]^_`{|}~

    for i in range(4):
        print i
    # Result: 0, 1, 2, 3
    
    for i in range(4):
        i += 1
        print i
    # Result: 1, 2, 3, 4

    letters = ["a", "b", "c"]
    for letter, count in enumerate(letters):
        print letter, count
    # Result: a 0, b 1, c 2